What other resources are available to learn about metrics in general and other topics such as segmentation, conversion, KPI etc.
Dave McClure has a good presentation up on slideshare.
http://www.slideshare.net/dmc500hats/numbers-not-napkins-simple-startup-metrics-presentation
There are a few very good blogs that discuss conversion rate optimization and metrics, including:
Given the importance of achieving product/market fit - I am fan of this post: http://startup-marketing.com/the-startup-pyramid/ and in particular the quote "achieving product/market fit requires at least 40% of users saying they would be 'very disappointed' without your product".
Although you may already be aware of them, I think you'll like the info on http://www.marketingexperiments.com and http://www.marketingsherpa.com. May not have the number-crunching you're looking for, but overall great data.
Read a lot but you will only learn when you experiment. Put aside a fixed budget that and spend it equally on all your different marketing channels.
There is no substitute for real experience.